Why Does Endometriosis Cause Infertility?

UPDATED ON 18 FEB. 2022

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If you have been diagnosed with endometriosis, you need to understand its basics to know the connection between endometriosis and infertility.

Female Reproductive System

The female reproductive system consists of the oviducts, vagina, cervix, uterus, and external genitalia, all found in the pelvic area. The uterus (pear-shaped organ) has two ovaries on each side connected to the fallopian tubes (right & left).

This is what a normal female reproductive system looks like.

Let’s talk about when you should consult a doctor.

Symptoms of Endometriosis

There’s a chance you won’t notice anything. However, some symptoms can be a warning sign that might need medical help. These include:

• Period-related back pain
• Menstrual cramps that are too painful to bear
• Experiencing discomfort when pooping or peeing, particularly during your period
• During periods, there is unusual or severe bleeding.
• If you have blood in your feces or urine, seek medical attention immediately.
• Constipation or Diarrhea
• Sex Fatigue that won’t go away is excruciating.
• Having problems conceiving

If you notice such symptoms, consult an expert. These signs can indicate endometriosis that can affect your reproductive system and fertility. 

Let’s learn how.

What happens to the uterus in endometriosis?

The uterus’s innermost layer is called the endometrium, which is its normal location. This endometrium overgrows the uterus itself, on ovaries, fallopian tubes, or behind the uterus in case of abnormalities. The medical term for this outgrowth is endometriosis.

If you have endometriosis, the ovaries get stuck to the fallopian tubes and uterus, which is not the case otherwise. Moreover, in deep endometriosis, the lower part of the uterus also gets stuck to nearby organs.

As a result, endometriosis affects the normal functioning of all these organs like ovaries, fallopian tubes and uterus.

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What causes infertility in Endometriosis?

Usually, the ovaries, fallopian tubes and uterus have a space between them. However, with endometriosis – the uterine endometrial lining becomes deformed because of a lack of space. When all these elements get stuck with one another, it affects the normal functioning of each. 

Endometriosis affects fertility in the following ways:

• Usually, when an egg is released from the ovaries, a fallopian tube catches it and passes it towards the uterus. However, this function gets disturbed with endometriosis as ovaries, and fallopian tubes are closely stuck.

Doctors frequently propose ‘fertility enhancement surgery’ to treat endometriosis in this situation. The goal of this procedure is to restore normalcy to the uterus.

• With endometriosis, the size of the ovaries increases because of the formation of a tumor called a ‘chocolate cyst.’ This tumor forms near the uterus, affecting the egg quality by decreasing its strength. 
• Patients experience painful intercourse because of deep endometriosis. It doesn’t let them properly indulge in a sexual activity that affects the pregnancy chances. 

Furthermore, 30-40% of patients with endometriosis face infertility due to these three main factors. 

Conclusion

Endometriosis disturbs the normal functioning of the reproductive system that in turn affects your fertility. Today, we talked about the connection between endometriosis and infertility.

At Shree IVF clinic, we are pioneers in treating endometriosis and pregnancy with endometriosis. Make an appointment right now to have your questions answered.

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Infertility

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